Questions you may have are:
a) How do you satisfy the customer?
b) Why should you satisfy the supplier?
c) What is continuous improvement?
Satisfy the customer
The first and major
TQM principle is to satisfy the customer--the person who pays for the product
or service. Customers want to get their money's worth from a product or service they
purchase.
Users
If the user of the product is different than the
purchaser, then both the user and customer must be satisfied, although the
person who pays gets priority.
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Company philosophy
A company that seeks to satisfy the customer by providing
them value for what they buy and the quality they expect will get more repeat
business, referral business, and reduced complaints and service expenses.
Some top companies not only provide quality products, but
they also give extra service to make their customers feel important and
valued.
Internal customers
Within a company, a worker provides a product or service
to his or her supervisors. If the person has any influence on the wages the
worker receives, that person can be thought of as an internal customer. A
worker should have the mind-set of satisfying internal customers in order to
keep his or her job and to get a raise or promotion.
Chain of customers
Often in a company, there is a chain of customers, -each
improving a product and passing it along until it is finally sold to the
external customer. Each worker must not only seek to satisfy the immediate internal
customer, but he or she must look up the chain to try to satisfy the ultimate
customer.
Satisfy the supplier
A second TQM principle is to satisfy the
supplier, which is the person or organization from whom you are purchasing
goods or services.
External suppliers
A company must look to satisfy their external suppliers
by providing them with clear instructions and requirements and then paying
them fairly and on time. It is only in the company's best interest that its
suppliers provide it with quality goods or services, if the company hopes to
provide quality goods or services to its external customers.
Internal suppliers
A supervisor must try to keep his or her workers happy
and productive by providing good task instructions, the tools they need to do
their job and good working conditions. The supervisor must also reward the
workers with praise and good pay.
Get better work
The reason to do this is to get more productivity out of
the workers, as well as to keep the good workers. An effective supervisor
with a good team of workers will certainly satisfy his or her internal
customers.
Empower workers
One area of satisfying the internal suppler is by
empowering the workers. This means to allow them to make decisions on things
that they can control. This not only takes the burden off the supervisor, but
it also motivates these internal suppliers to do better work.
Continuous improvement
The third principle of TQM is
continuous improvement. You can never be satisfied with the method used,
because there always can be improvements. Certainly, the competition is
improving, so it is very necessary to strive to keep ahead of the game.
Working smarter, not harder
Some companies have tried to
improve by making employees work harder. This may be counter-productive,
especially if the process itself is flawed. For example, trying to increase
worker output on a defective machine may result in more defective parts.
Examining the source of problems
and delays and then improving them is what is needed. Often the process has
bottlenecks that are the real cause of the problem. These must be removed.
Worker suggestions
Workers are often a source of
continuous improvements. They can provide suggestions on how to improve a process
and eliminate waste or unnecessary work.
Quality methods
There are also many quality
methods, such as just-in-time production, variability reduction, and
poka-yoke that can improve processes and reduce waste.
In conclusion
The principles of Total Quality
Management are to seek to satisfy the external customer with quality goods
and services, as well as your company internal customers; to satisfy your
external and internal suppliers; and to continuously improve processes by
working smarter and using special quality methods.
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TQM Requirements
The common elements of a
successful shift to TQM are:
-
Top Management commitment /leadership.
-
Shared Values - Policy Deployment.
-
Line Management Ownership.
-
Cascade training in TQM - compulsory.
-
Widespread use of teams / councils / committees.
-
Employee involvement / empowerment.
-
Recognition and celebration.
-
Voice of the customer.
-
Challenging quantified goals - benchmarking.
-
Focus on processes / improvement plans.
-
Specific incorporation in strategic planning.
-
Supported in all Management appraisal.
TQM Principles
The 5 Key principles of our TQM
initiative are:>
Management Commitment
-
Plan (drive, direct)
-
Do (deploy, support, participate)
-
Check (review)
-
Act (recognize, communicate, revise)
Employee Empowerment
-
Training.
-
Suggestion scheme.
-
Measurement and recognition.
-
Excellence teams.
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Fact Based Decision Making
-
SPC (statistical process control).
-
DOE, FMEA.
-
The 7 statistical tools.
-
TOPS (FORD 8D - Team Oriented Problem Solving).
Continuous Improvement
-
Systematic measurement and focus on CONQ.
-
Excellence teams.
-
Cross-functional process management.
-
Attain, maintain, improve standards.
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Customer Focus
-
Supplier partnership.
-
Service relationship with internal customers.
-
Never compromise quality.
-
Customer driven standards.
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